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Formic acid is a colorless liquid having a pungent, penetrating odor at room temperature, comparable to the related acetic acid. Formic acid is about ten times stronger than acetic acid.
Formic acid (from Latin formica ‘ant’), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid, and has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure H−C(=O)−O−H. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants. Esters, salts and the anion derived from formic acid are called formates. Industrially, formic acid is produced from methanol.
Formic acid is found naturally in insects, weeds, fruits and vegetables, and forest emissions. It appears in most ants and in stingless bees of the genus Oxytrigona.
It is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents, and is somewhat soluble in hydrocarbons. In hydrocarbons and in the vapor phase, it consists of hydrogen-bonded dimers rather than individual molecules. Owing to its tendency to hydrogen-bond, gaseous formic acid does not obey the ideal gas law. Solid formic acid, which can exist in either of two polymorphs, consists of an effectively endless network of hydrogen-bonded formic acid molecules. Formic acid forms a high-boiling azeotrope with water (107.3 °C; 77.5% formic acid). Liquid formic acid tends to supercool.
TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN UNTUK PENANGANAN YANG AMAN
a. Saran tentang penanganan yang aman
Kenakan pakaian pelindung. Jangan menghirup zat/campuran. Hindari pembentukan uap/aerosol.
b. Saran tentang perlindungan terhadap kebakaran dan ledakan
Jauhkan dari nyala terbuka, permukaan panas, dan sumber penyulut.Lakukan dengan hatihati tindakan melawan lucutan statis
c. Tindakan kebersihan
Segera ganti pakaian yang terkontaminasi. Gunakan krim pelindung kulit. Cuci tangan dan muka setelah bekerja dengan bahan tersebut.
KONDISI PENYIMPANAN YANG AMAN, TERMASUK KETIDAKCOCOKAN
a. Kondisi penyimpanan
Jangan gunakan wadah logam. Dapat terurai dan membentuk produk gas, terutama jika disimpan dalam jangka waktu lama. Tutup wadah sedemikian rupa agar tekanan internal dapat keluar (misalnya katup tekanan berlebih). Terlindungi dari cahaya. Simpan wadah tertutup rapat di tempat yang kering dan berventilasi baik. Jauhkan dari panas dan sumber api. Simpan di tempat terkunci atau di area yang hanya dapat diakses oleh orang yang berkualifikasi atau berwenang.
Suhu penyimpanan : 15 – 27oC
b. Kelas penyimpanan
Kelas penyimpanan Jerman (TRGS 510): 3: Cairan mudah terbakar
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